Showing posts with label Health News. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Health News. Show all posts

Sunday, January 15, 2012

Use a red plate to lose a bit of weight: People who eat off them cut their food intake by 40%


Eating from a red plate could help dieters lose weight, scientists claim.
Serving up meals on red plates or drinking from red cups cuts consumption by about 40 per cent, according to one study carried out by German and Swiss academics.
Researchers say the colour red may encourage diners to avoid snacking because it is commonly associated with  the idea of ‘danger, prohibition and stop’.

Weighty issue: Researchers say using a red plate stops people eating as much food and using red cups could also stop pub-goers drinking as much alcohol


They claim the discovery means the Government and  food industry could use red packaging on unhealthy foods as a deterrent – and could even use more red in pubs to prevent people drinking too much.



In the study, 41 male students were asked to drink tea from cups marked with red or blue labels. They drank 44 per cent less from cups with red labels.
In the second part of the study, 109 people were given ten pretzels each on either a red, blue or white plate. Those with a red plate ate fewer pretzels.
The results were published in the journal Appetite.
Ursula Arens, from the British Dietetic Association, said: ‘Red may be associated with alarm or something primeval.'


Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk

Saturday, December 10, 2011

Stress during second and third month of pregnancy raises risk of premature birth and losing baby boys

  • First time stress has been shown to affect the balance between the sexes
  • Findings based on stress caused by the 2005 Tarapaca earthquake in Chile

It is the first time stress has been shown to affect the balance between the sexes, known as the sex ratio, which normally favours an excess in the number of boys being born.
A new study shows exposure to stress can shorten the length of pregnancy
Mothers-to-be who are highly stressed during the second and third month of pregnancy are more at risk of giving birth prematurely and losing boy babies, say researchers.
A new study shows exposure to stress can shorten the length of pregnancy, making it more likely that babies will be born early and for boys to be miscarried.
It has been described as nature's way of balancing an increased risk of premature death in young men, starting in infancy.
The latest findings suggest the extra risk to boys starts even earlier – in the womb.
The results come from a study investigating the effect on pregnant women of the stress caused by the 2005 Tarapaca earthquake in Chile.
But US researchers claim there could be implications for pregnant women in more normally stressful situations, because the effects are independent of poverty, bad housing and poor diet.
Professors Florencia Torche  and Karine Kleinhaus, of New York University, analysed birth certificates of all babies born between 2004-2006 in Chile, where there are 200,000 births a year. The magnitude of the earthquake was measured at 7.9, which is classified as ‘disastrous’.

The researchers found that women who lived closest to the quake during their second and third months of pregnancy had shorter pregnancies and were at higher risk of delivering pre-term, before 37 weeks gestation. 
The pregnancies of women exposed to the earthquake in the second month of pregnancy were on average 1.3 days shorter than those in the unaffected areas of Chile. The pregnancies of those exposed in the third month were almost two days shorter. 
Normally, about six in 100 women had a pre-term birth, but among women exposed to the earthquake in the third month of pregnancy, this rose by 3.4 per cent, meaning more than nine women in 100 delivered their babies early.

The researchers found a decline in the sex ratio among those exposed to the earthquake in the third month of 5.8 per cent, meaning fewer boy babies survived to delivery.
The study is published online in the leading reproductive medicine journal Human Reproduction. Prof Kleinhaus, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, and Environmental Medicine, said ‘Generally, there are more male than female live births. 
‘The ratio of male to female births is approximately 51:49 – in other words, out of every 100 births, 51 will be boys. 
‘Our findings indicate a 5.8 per cent decline in this proportion, which would translate into a ratio of 45 male births per 100 births, so that there are now more female than male births. This is a significant change for this type of measure.’
Previous research has suggested in times of stress women are more likely to miscarry boys because they grow larger than girls and require more sustenance from the mother, and they may also be less robust than females and not adapt their development to a stressful environment in the womb. 
Prof Torche said ‘Our findings on a decreased sex ratio support this hypothesis and suggest that stress may affect the viability of male births.
She said the study provided strong evidence that stress independently affected the outcome of pregnancies, rather than being a side-effect of poor housing, poverty and bad diet.
‘In terms of implications, it is clearly unrealistic to recommend avoiding natural disasters. However, this research suggests the need to improve access to healthcare for women from the onset of pregnancy and even before conception. 
‘Obviously this will not reduce the exposure to stress, but it may provide care, advice, and tools that would allow women to cope with stressful circumstances’ she added.

source:dailymail

Forget a warm cup of cocoa! Drinking cherry juice twice a day will give you 39minutes of extra rest




Each serving of the tart cherry juice concentrate was estimated to contain the equivalent of 90 ¿ 100 tart cherries




  • Researchers say the juice could help athletes recover from injury as well as people with insomnia or jet lag
Lavender pillows, warm cups of cocoa and a relaxing going-to-bed routine, are all popular ways to reach the land of nod.
Now researchers have found a fruity solution for those who struggle to get to sleep or find themselves waking too early in the morning.
An international team found that when healthy adults had two daily glasses of tart cherry juice, they rested an average 39 minutes longer.
This broke down as around 25 minutes of extra sleep and 14 more minutes spent relaxing in bed.
They also found they woke less often when in bed compared to when they drank a non-cherry fruit cocktail.
The study was conducted at Northumbria University and has now appeared in the European Journal of Nutrition.
Participants were given two servings of Montmorency cherry juice concentrate diluted with half a pint of water, or an alternative fruit drink for seven consecutive days - once when they woke up and another before bed. 
They were also asked to abstain from eating a list of foods, known to contain or influence melatonin - a powerful antioxidant that is key to regulating our sleep-wake cycles.




The researchers then tracked their sleeping habits using actigraphs (watches that sense movement) and questionnaires. Urine samples were taken to measure the levels of melatonin in the system.
They found the cherry drink led to longer sleep time, less daytime napping and better sleep efficiency (the ratio of time spent in bed to time spent sleeping) among the 20 participants. 
The researchers attribute the sleep benefits to the melatonin content of the red fruit.
Each serving of the tart cherry juice concentrate was estimated to contain the equivalent of 90 – 100 tart cherries, which 'significantly elevated' the level of melatonin in the bodies of the participants.
Dr Glyn Howatson, an exercise physiologist, said: 'We were initially interested in the application of tart cherries in recovery from strenuous exercise.
'Sleep forms a critical component in that recovery process, which is often forgotten.
'These results show that tart cherry juice concentrate can be used to facilitate sleep in healthy adults and, excitingly, has the potential to be applied as a natural intervention, not only to athletes, but to other populations with insomnia and general disturbed sleep from shift work or jet lag.'
It is thought that a third of people in the UK will experience bouts of insomnia during their lives. The condition, which is classed as being unable to get to sleep or stay asleep long enough to feel refreshed the next day, is more common among women and older people.
While more research is necessary before medical professionals turn to cherries as a sole treatment for sleep disorders, the scientists conclude that tart cherry juice concentrate could be a viable 'adjunct intervention for disturbed sleep across a number of scenarios.'


Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health

Tuesday, December 6, 2011

'Smoking can make your nipples fall off': Plastic surgeon warns of gangrene following breast lift


Smoking can make your nipples fall off - this is the astonishing claim by Dr Anthony Youn, one of American's top plastic surgeons.
The practitioner from Detroit, Michigan, was quick to point out this applied to patients who underwent breast lifts to perk up their chests.
He said the nicotine and carbon monoxide taken in during smoking can disrupt blood flow to different parts of the body and so disrupts the healing process following surgery.

Smoking not only kills but can also disrupt the healing process after cosmetic operations such as breast lifts


The toxins can act as a 'virtual tourniquet' and effectively kill a body part by stopping blood from reaching it.
Speaking to CNN Health, Dr Youn said: 'I cringe every time I see a patient for a breast lift who is a smoker.
'I’m deathly afraid that despite my warnings, she will smoke before or after surgery and cause her nipples to turn black and fall off.
'I've seen it before,' he claimed.





Dr Youn said he treated one female smoker whose nipples had turned purple after smoking caused the tiny veins in the breast to fail, leading to a backup of old blood.
Left untreated they could have turned black and fallen off.
He had to resort to using leeches over several days to suck out the old blood and so restore the woman's nipples to a healthy pink.
He told CNN he now made sure all of his patients understood the dire outcomes that could result from smoking following a cosmetic operation.
'If you are having a breast lift or reduction and you smoke, your nipples could turn black and fall off. 
'If you are having a tummy tuck and you smoke, you may get an infection resulting in a big gross open wound that will take three months to heal. 
'If you are having a facelift and you smoke, the skin of your cheek could turn black and slough off, leaving exposed fat.'
Those applying for cosmetic surgery such as tummy tucks or breast surgery on the NHS must be non-smokers.
According to the NHS: Research has shown smokers have more
problems with wound healing than non-smokers.

'This means they are likely to have to stay in hospital for longer and may require treatment for infections. 
'Procedures are more likely to be successful in those who do not smoke.'

source: Dailymail.co.uk

Monday, February 21, 2011

6 Foods That Weaken Bones


Salt

Salt saps calcium from the bones, weakening them over time. For every 2,300 milligrams of sodium you take in, you lose about 40 milligrams of calcium, dietitians say. One study compared postmenopausal women who ate a high-salt diet with those who didn't, and the ones who ate a lot of salt lost more bone minerals. Our American diet is unusually salt-heavy; most of us ingest double the 2,300 milligrams of salt we should get in a day, according to the 2005 federal dietary guidelines.
What to do: The quickest, most efficient way to cut salt intake is to avoid processed foods. Research shows that most Americans get 75 percent of their sodium not from table salt but from processed food. Key foods to avoid include processed and deli meats, frozen meals, canned soup, pizza, fast food such as burgers and fries, and canned vegetables.

Soft Drinks
Soft drinks pose a double-whammy danger to bones. The fizziness in carbonated drinks often comes from phosphoric acid, which ups the rate at which calcium is excreted in the urine. Meanwhile, of course, soft drinks fill you up and satisfy your thirst without providing any of the nutrients you might get from milk or juice.
What to do: When you're tempted to reach for a cola, instead try milk, calcium- and vitamin D-fortified orange juice, or a fruit smoothie made with yogurt. Or just drink water when you're thirsty, and eat a diet high in bone-building nutrients.

Caffeine
The numbers for caffeine aren't as bad as for salt, but caffeine's action is similar, leaching calcium from bones. For every 100 milligrams of caffeine (the amount in a small to medium-sized cup of coffee), you lose 6 milligrams of calcium. That's not a lot, but it can become a problem if you tend to substitute caffeine-containing drinks like iced tea and coffee for beverages that are healthy for bones, like milk and fortified juice.

What to do: Limit yourself to one or two cups of coffee in the morning, then switch to other drinks that don't have caffeine's bone-sapping action. Adding milk to your coffee helps to offset the problem, of course.

Vitamin A
In the case of vitamin A, recent research is proving that you really can get too much of a good thing. Found in eggs, full-fat dairy, liver, and vitamin-fortified foods, vitamin A is important for vision and the immune system. But the American diet is naturally high in vitamin A, and most multivitamins also contain vitamin A. So it's possible to get much more than the recommended allotment of 5,000 IUs (international units) a day—which many experts think is too high anyway.

Postmenopausal women, in particular, seem to be susceptible to vitamin A overload. Studies show that women whose intake was higher than 5,000 IUs had more than double the fracture rate of women whose intake was less than 1,600 IUs a day.

What to do: Switch to low-fat or nonfat dairy products only, and eat egg whites rather than whole eggs (all the vitamin A is in the yolk). Also check your multivitamin, and if it's high in vitamin A, switch to one that isn't.

Alcohol
Think of alcohol as a calcium-blocker; it prevents the bone-building minerals you eat from being absorbed. And heavy drinking disrupts the bone remodeling process by preventing osteoblasts, the bone-building cells, from doing their job. So not only do bones become weaker, but when you do suffer a fracture, alcohol can interfere with healing.

What to do: Limit your drinking to one drink a day, whether that's wine, beer, or hard alcohol.

Hydrogenated Oils
Recent studies have found that the process of hydrogenation, which turns liquid vegetable oil into the solid oils used in commercial baking, destroys the vitamin K naturally found in the oils. Vitamin K is essential for strong bones, and vegetable oils such as canola and olive oil are the second-best dietary source of this key nutrient, after green leafy vegetables. However, the amounts of vitamin K we're talking about are tiny here—one tablespoon of canola oil has 20 micrograms of K, and one tablespoon of olive oil has 6 micrograms, as compared with 120 micrograms in a serving of spinach.

What to do: If you're eating your greens, you don't need to worry about this too much. If you're a big lover of baked goods like muffins and cookies, bake at home using canola oil when possible, and read labels to avoid hydrogenated oils
source:health.msn.com

Sunday, February 13, 2011

How to Break a Bad Habit

Who needs willpower? You can ditch any undesirable behavior with these easy mental tricks.

Sunday, December 6, 2009

10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work

10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work

Ease pesky health issues with vodka, pencils and more.
Compiled by Lauren Gelman, Prevention
10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work // Vodka bottle (© Prevention)
Of course there are some health staples you should never be without—bandages or OTC pain relievers come to mind. But you can treat or cure a surprising number of minor ailments with these unexpected household objects and foods.
Next time you burn your tongue on piping hot pizza or come down with an unshakeable case of hiccups, keep these tips from The Big Doctors Book of Home Remedies in mind:
Home cure: Vodka
Use it for: Foot odor
If your feet smell less than swell, wipe them down with a vodka-soaked washcloth to get rid of the stench. It’s the same principle as rubbing alcohol (which works equally well if you’d rather drink your Grey Goose). Vodka contains alcohol, which is antiseptic and drying, so it destroys odor-causing fungus and bacteria and dries out the moisture that lets these organisms grow.
16 Surprising things that make you smell
10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work // Woman with pencil in her mouth (© Prevention)
Home cure: Pencil
Use it for: Headaches
When you’re stressed or anxious, you subconsciously clench your jaw and teeth; this strains the muscle that connects your jaw to your temples and can trigger a tension headache. A solution: “Put a pencil between your teeth but don’t bite,” says Fred Sheftell, M.D., director of the New England Center for Headache in Stamford, Conn. You automatically relax your jaw muscle to do this, which can prevent the pain.
The best natural remedies for pain
10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work // Yogurt with spoon (© Prevention)
Home cure: Yogurt
Use it for: Bad breath
Preliminary research shows that the live bacteria in yogurt can suppress levels of bad breath–causing bacteria. “Good” bugs in yogurt may crowd out the “bad” stink-causing bacteria or create an unhealthy environment for it, says John C. Moon, DDS, a cosmetic and general dentist in Half Moon Bay, Calif.
13 strange body quirks explained
10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work // Bottle of mouthwash (© Prevention)
Home cure: Listerine
Use it for: Blisters
The classic breath freshener—and powerful antiseptic—can also do a number on blisters. Moisten a cotton ball with Listerine and dab it on your blister three times a day until the area dries out and no longer hurts, says Janet Maccaro, Ph.D., CNC, a holistic nutritionist and certified nutrition consultant in Scottsdale, Ariz.
5 ways to prevent blisters
10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work // A foot on a tennis ball (© Prevention)
Home cure: Tennis ball
Use it for: Achy feet
For an easy, free mini massage that stretches and soothes your arches, slip off your shoes and roll each foot over a tennis ball, golf ball or soup can for a minute or two. To cool throbbing feet, roll them over a bottle of frozen water.
Tips to prevent foot aches and pains
10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work // Bowl of sugar with spoon (© Prevention)
Home cure: Sugar
Use it for: Hiccups
A teaspoon of sugar swallowed dry can stop hiccups in minutes, says Andre Dubois, M.D., Ph.D., a professor of medicine in the emerging infectious diseases graduate program at Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Md. The sugar is believed to modify the nerve muscles that would otherwise tell the muscles in the diaphragm to contract spasmodically and contribute to hiccups.
10 weird body clues you shouldn’t ignore
10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work // Cup of tea (© Prevention)
Home cure: Olives or lemons
Use it for: Motion sickness
Motion sickness causes you to produce excess saliva, which can make you nauseated, some doctors say. Compounds in olives called tannins dry out your mouth and can help soothe the queasies. Pop a couple at the first hint of nausea; sucking on a lemon can also do the trick.
Shop smart with these healthy food picks
10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work // Oil pouring out of bottle (© Prevention)
Home cure: Vegetable oil
Use it for: Brittle nails
In order to really fix dry nails, you have to address the problem of too little moisture. In addition to using hand lotion regularly, try this nighttime treatment from dermatologist Dee Anna Glaser, M.D.: Before you go to bed, apply vegetable oil to your hands, then put on vinyl gloves or wrap your hands in plastic wrap to keep the oil off your bedding. The hand coverings force the oil to penetrate your skin, preventing your hands and nails from getting too dry.
10 money-saving beauty tricks
10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work // Stick of gum (© Prevention)
Home cure: Peppermint or cinnamon gum
Use it for: The stress of a traffic-packed commute
In a NASA-funded study, scientists from Wheeling Jesuit University monitored the responses of 25 college students during simulated driving scenarios. The volunteers reported that peppermint lowered their feelings of fatigue or anxiety by 20 percent. Peppermint and cinnamon each decreased frustration by 25 percent, increased alertness by 30 percent and made the ride seem 30 percent shorter. Not a gum or candy person? Buy peppermint or cinnamon aromatherapy diffusers for the car.
7 super spices for your health
10 Bizarre Home Cures That Really Work // Apples (© Prevention)
Home cure: Apple
Use it for: Whiter teeth
Crunchy fruits and vegetables act as little toothbrushes when you chew them; they have a natural cleansing action that works on tooth enamel to remove stains. In particular, “apples have a gentle malic acid that also helps dissolve stains,” says Jennifer Jabow, DDS, of Park 56 Dental in New York City.
Surprising habits that protect your teeth

Wednesday, April 15, 2009

Sleep Like A Baby

Follow this advice to get better rest and wake up refreshed.
By Ellen Mazo and the Editors of Prevention

Follow these tips to help ensure that your time between the sheets leaves you feeling refreshed and renewed:

Make breakfast your heaviest meal of the day.

Digesting food takes energy, so if you eat a heavy meal late in the day, your body will have to work hard to digest it while you're trying to go to sleep. Many people sleep better if they have protein at breakfast and lunch, and a light dinner with some carbohydrates.

Cut back on the sleep robbers.

Cut out caffeine after 2 p.m., and refrain from drinking alcohol within three hours of bedtime. You may become drowsy after a couple of glasses of wine, but too much alcohol will make you wake up frequently during the night. In addition, although coffee is the most obvious source of caffeine, don't forget that there's also caffeine in colas, chocolate, tea, and some medications.

Go toward the light.

Get outside when it's sunny, or at least turn on the lights at home in the morning. This will help you reset your awake-sleep cycle.

Drink like a fish.

Even mild dehydration—losing as little as 1/2 cup of body water—could turn into low-grade chronic fatigue. Drink eight to 10 eight-ounce glasses of water a day, and add four to six more glasses when you exercise. To prevent unnecessary trips to the bathroom at night, empty your bladder before going to sleep, and don't drink more than 4 ounces within an hour of going to bed.

Exercise earlier in the day.

Regular exercise first energizes, then relaxes you. So if you start doing calisthenics or aerobics right before bed, nerve-stimulating hormones will be released and will raise your body's core temperature, preventing you from falling asleep. Exercise—but do it earlier in the day.

Walk into sleep.

You don't have to walk far to get sleep-enhancing benefits. People who walked at least six blocks a day at a normal pace were one-third less likely to have trouble sleeping, according to one study of more than 700 men and women. Those who picked up the pace had even better sleeping habits. You get the same benefits with walking that you'd get by taking sleep medication—but without the medication's side effects, such as grogginess, increased snoring, risk of sleep apnea, and possible addiction.

Take a nap.

It's okay to nap, especially if you didn't sleep well last night. Research has found that people who nap for 15 minutes feel more alert and less sleepy, even after a bad night's sleep.

Go to bed only when you're sleepy.

If you can't fall asleep within 15 to 20 minutes, get up and leave your bedroom. Go into the living room and read until you're tired again. Or sit in a chair and think pleasant thoughts: a dream vacation, standing by a waterfall. This should help calm you so that you can return to bed and sleep.

Move the television out of your bedroom.

Your bed and bedroom are for sleep and sex. That's it. No reading. No talking on the telephone. No worrying.

Create a sleep schedule and stick to it.

You may not be able to go to bed at the same time every night, but you can establish a regular wake-up time. Get up at the same time every morning, even on weekends.

Watch your nighttime posture.

For a restful night, try these strategies:

  • Relieve lower-back pressure by putting a pillow under your knees. The pillow comfortably flexes your lower spine.
  • Try a pillow made with down instead of a foam pillow. You want a pillow that is low enough to support your head without flexing your neck, to avoid neck and shoulder aches. Orthopedic pillows with a scooped-out hollow for your head help support the neck and can also be helpful, especially if you have chronic neck problems.
  • Put enough blankets on your bed to stay warm. You may otherwise unconsciously curl up to keep warm, which can leave you with a sore back.
  • Allow yourself enough room to be able to move your arms and legs and roll over during the night. This is a natural way to prevent your joints from getting stiff.

Take special measures when you're on the night shift.

You weren't designed to work the night shift, or rotating shifts, but you may have no choice. So, here are some tips for when you must work while everyone else is asleep:

Use bright lights to mimic daylight, to keep you awake.

Try to stay on the same shift, but if you must rotate, do it by the clock: from days to afternoons to nights.

If you can't sleep when you get home in the morning, don't force it. Wait till early afternoon when you have an energy dip.

Try an herbal soother.

Instead of sleeping pills, you might want to try valerian, an herb that can improve your quality of sleep without leaving you feeling groggy the next morning. You need to allow about 2 weeks for valerian to build up in your system. Try taking between 150 and 300 milligrams at bedtime as needed, but give yourself a break now and then to allow your sleep patterns to develop without help. You don't have to buy the more expensive valerian supplements that have other ingredients or herbs.

Tuesday, April 14, 2009

10 Things You Didn't Know About You

The human body is a great, sweaty, fluid-filled machine, moving and mixing chemicals with precision and coordination, making everything from memories to mucus. Here we explore some of the complex, beautiful or just plain gross mysteries of how you function.
10 Things You Didn't Know About You // The digestive system (© Purestock/age fotostock)
Your stomach secretes corrosive acid
There's one dangerous liquid no airport security can confiscate from you: It's in your gut. Your stomach cells secrete hydrochloric acid, a corrosive compound used to treat metals in the industrial world. It can pickle steel, but mucous lining the stomach wall keeps this poisonous liquid safely in the digestive system, breaking down lunch.
10 Things You Didn't Know About You // Man on one knee proposing marriage to woman (© Image Source/age fotostock)
Body position affects your memory
Can't remember your anniversary, hubby? Try getting down on one knee. Memories are highly embodied in our senses. A scent or sound may evoke a distant episode from one's childhood. The connections can be obvious (a bicycle bell makes you remember your old paper route) or inscrutable. A scientific study helps decipher some of this embodiment. An article in the January 2007 issue of Cognition reports that episodes from your past are remembered faster and better while in a body position similar to the pose struck during the event.
10 Things You Didn't Know About You // X-ray of skeleton (© MedicalRF.com/Getty Images)
Bones break (down) to balance minerals
In addition to supporting the bag of organs and muscles that is our body, bones help regulate our calcium levels. Bones contain both phosphorus and calcium, the latter of which is needed by muscles and nerves. If the element is in short supply, certain hormones will cause bones to break down, upping calcium levels in the body until the appropriate extracellular concentration is reached.
10 Things You Didn't Know About You // Model of the human brain (© Image Source/age fotostock)
Much of a meal is food for thought
Though it makes up only 2 percent of our total body weight, the brain demands 20 percent of the body's oxygen and calories. To keep our noggin well-stocked with resources, three major cerebral arteries are constantly pumping in oxygen. A blockage or break in any of them starves brain cells of the energy they require to function, impairing the functions controlled by the affected region. This is a stroke.
10 Things You Didn't Know About You // Illustration of egg and sperm (© Steve Taylor/Digital Vision/age fotostock)
Thousands of eggs unused by ovaries
The average adolescent girl has 34,000 underdeveloped egg follicles, although only 350 or so mature during her life (at the rate of about one per month). When a woman reaches her late 40s or early 50s, the monthly menstrual cycle that controls her hormone levels and readies ova for insemination ceases. Her ovaries have been producing less and less estrogen, inciting physical and emotional changes across her body. Her underdeveloped egg follicles begin to fail to release ova as regularly as before; the unused egg follicles then deteriorate. With no potential pregnancy on the horizon, the brain can stop managing the release of ova.
10 Things You Didn't Know About You // Teen about to spray paint a brick wall (© Image Source/Getty Images)
Puberty reshapes brain structure, makes for missed curfews
We know that hormone-fueled changes in the body are necessary to encourage growth and ready the body for reproduction. But why is adolescence so emotionally unpleasant? Hormones like testosterone actually influence the development of neurons in the brain, and the changes made to brain structure have many behavioral consequences. Expect emotional awkwardness, apathy and poor decision-making skills as regions in the frontal cortex mature.
10 Things You Didn't Know About You // Cilia (© Science Photo Library RF/age fotostock)
Cell hairs move mucus
Most cells in our bodies sport hair-like organelles called cilia that help out with a variety of functions, from digestion to hearing. In the nose, cilia help to drain mucus from the nasal cavity down to the throat. Cold weather slows down the draining process, causing a mucus backup that can leave you with snotty sleeves. Swollen nasal membranes or condensation can also cause a stuffed schnozzle.
10 Things You Didn't Know About You // Wisdom teeth (© BSIP Medical/Photolibrary)
Big brains cause cramped mouths
Evolution isn't perfect. If it were, we might have wings instead of wisdom teeth. Sometimes useless features stick around in a species simply because they're not doing much harm. But wisdom teeth weren't always a cash crop for oral surgeons. Long ago, they served as a useful third set of meat-mashing molars. But as our brains grew, our jawbone structure changed, leaving us with expensively overcrowded mouths.
10 Things You Didn't Know About You // Man and young girl laughing (© Ron Levine/Getty Images)
The world laughs with you
Just as watching someone yawn can induce the behavior in yourself, recent evidence suggests that laughter is a social cue for mimicry. Hearing a laugh actually stimulates the brain region associated with facial movements. Mimicry plays an important role in social interaction. Cues like sneezing, laughing, crying and yawning may be ways of creating strong social bonds within a group.
10 Things You Didn't Know About You // Four hands with different skin colors (© Sarah Leen/National Geographic/Getty Images)
Your skin has four colors
All skin, without coloring, would appear creamy white. Blood vessels near the surface add a blush of red. A yellow pigment also tints the canvas. Lastly, sepia-toned melanin, created in response to ultraviolet rays, appears black in large amounts. These four hues mix in different proportions to create the skin colors of all the peoples of Earth.

Tuesday, March 10, 2009

After Removal of 6 Vital Organs, Hope for Little Girl

7-year-old girl was released from hospital today after major abdominal surgery.

from: MSN Health

Heather McNamara is a lively and funny 7-year old who looks as carefree as any other girl her age. Nothing in her cheerful demeanor betrays that Heather underwent a risky procedure little more than a month ago, in which surgeons removed six of her vital organs and a tumor the size of a baseball. Today, Heather looked happy and untroubled upon being released from the hospital.

In a 23-hour procedure in early February, surgeons had to take out the young girl's small and large intestines, liver, pancreas, spleen and stomach so they could remove the myofibroblastic tumor, which was intertwined with her vital organs and major blood vessels. The surgery, which was only the second of its kind and the first one performed on a child, appears successful.

Heather's liver and small and large intestines were re-implanted, but her stomach, pancreas and spleen were too damaged to be saved. Instead of a stomach, Heather now has an intestinal pouch to hold food. Daily insulin injections and digestive enzymes will allow her to live without a pancreas. Without a spleen, she may be more susceptible to infections.

Smiling brightly, Heather appeared with her family at a news conference today at New York–Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, where the surgery was performed. She said she was looking forward to going home and playing with her sister, and her dog, Angel.

The 7-year old girl, who looks like a little angel herself, gave an optimistic message to anyone who's sick, or has a child who's sick: "There is hope."

My twins were born TWO days apart

When Hayley Phillips gave birth to Ryan at 29 weeks, she expected his twin Lewis to put in an appearance soon afterwards, but she was in for a long wait.

Image 6 for 'your life 10-03-09' gallery

When Hayley Phillips gave birth to her son Ryan 11 weeks early on her bathroom floor, she assumed his twin brother was on his way.

But by the time she got to hospital to give birth to the second baby her contractions had stopped as though she’d finished giving birth.

And it wasn’t until almost three days later that Hayley finally had her second

boy, Lewis.

“The doctors had never seen anything like it before,” says Hayley. “My body just shut down after giving birth to Ryan.

“I nursed Ryan for nearly three days before I finally went into labour again.”

Hayley, 31, a team manager for a bank, and her fiance Craig Selbee, 31, a bank manager, had been thrilled to discover they were expecting twin boys.

“We were so excited when the doctors told me I was pregnant with twins at my first scan, and then that they were both boys at the second scan,” she says.

The pregnancy went smoothly until at 29 weeks, in August last year, Hayley went into labour.

“We were at home one evening when I felt a sharp pain,” she says.

“I went upstairs to the bathroom and felt the sudden urge to push. It all happened so quickly.

“One minute I was watching TV, the next I was on the bathroom floor giving birth.”

Hayley and baby Ryan, who weighed 2lb 14oz, were taken to hospital where doctors expected her to give birth to her second twin in minutes.

But as hours ticked by, there was still no Lewis. “As I arrived at the hospital the labour pains had disappeared and it felt like I’d never even given birth,” recalls Hayley.

“Three hours later the doctors examined me and they told me that the contractions had stopped.

“They couldn’t understand it, as usually when one twin is born, the other quickly follows.”

The following day, Hayley still hadn’t gone back into labour. Craig and Hayley filled the hours waiting by tiny Ryan’s incubator.

“I still had this huge pregnancy bump and we were looking at Ryan in his incubator,” she says.

“Lewis was in no hurry to make his appearance.

“We’d told all our family and friends the good news, that Ryan had been born.

“None of them could believe I was still pregnant with Lewis.”

Concerned for Lewis’s well-being, doctors arranged for a scan.

“I’d been used to having scans and seeing my womb jam-packed with the twins, vying for room,’

says Hayley.

‘But now there Lewis was, wriggling around all by himself. It just looked like he was making the most of the extra space. He was almost doing somersaults.”

Despite her joy at seeing Lewis was thriving, she admits looking at the his image on the monitor was strange.

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“During the scan, I was holding a photo of Ryan in his incubator,” she says.

“I kept glancing down at the picture and then up at the scan of Lewis and it was weird. I wanted my twins to be together again, like they were supposed to be.”

Hayley and Craig weren’t the only ones to be surprised by this unusual situation – medical staff at Sunderland Hospital were equally stunned.

“The sonographer told me she’d never come across such a long wait,” she says.

Hayley wasn’t allowed to remove Ryan’s umbilical cord or breast-feed him because doctors feared either could trigger a premature second labour.

So Hayley had to endure the discomfort until she finally went into labour the next day, and Lewis appeared weighing 3Ib 3oz, after a six-hour labour – 51 hours after his brother.

“It was such a relief,” says Hayley. However, the twins were still not able to be together as, although Ryan was doing well enough to be moved on to a low dependency ward in the neonatal unit, Lewis needed more intense

treatment.

“He had to be ventilated for three weeks as he needed four operations as his lungs weren’t properly developed,” says Hayley.

“At one point, the doctors had to put him in a coma so that his lungs could heal.

“It was very traumatic. I began to wonder when our twins would ever actually be together.”

The boys finally met after five weeks when Lewis was moved into the same ward as Ryan – and Hayley and Craig were able to cuddle their babies together.

“It was such an amazing feeling being able to hold both my boys, one in each arm,” says Hayley. “It was a dream come true and brought a tear to my eye.”

Another milestone moment came a week later when the twins were both finally strong enough to be taken out of their incubators and dressed.

“Until that point they’d only been able to wear vests and nappies but at six weeks we were able to dress them in matching blue Tigger outfits,” says Hayley. And after two months they were strong enough to go home.

“The day we were finally allowed to walk them out of hospital was the best day ever,” says Craig.

Now the boys are six months old and doing well.

“They both have heart murmurs but that’s common with premature babies and they’re having regular check-ups,” says Hayley.

“They’re both around 14lbs, which is fine considering they should really only be three months old, as they were 11 weeks premature.”

The non-identical twins not only have different birthdays – two days apart – but different star signs, too. Ryan is Leo and Lewis Virgo.

“It means their personalities will be very different, although I think we can already guess that Lewis will be the laid-back twin,” laughs Hayley.

“We’ll celebrate their joint birthday on the day in between both their birth dates, and then they can still have a party together.”

The couple are relieved they can now put their sons’ traumatic entrance into the world behind them.

“Looking back, those eight weeks were the worst time of our lives because our emotions were all over the place,” says Craig.

“But Hayley and I love each other so much we were able to get through it. The boys were all that mattered.”

Hayley says that when the twins are older, she and Craig will tell them all about their extraordinary birth.

“And this experience hasn’t put us off having more children,” she says.

“I’m just wary about having another set of twins!”

A spokeswoman for the Twins and Multiple Births Association said: “This is rare – we have come across cases where twins were born apart, but the gap has always been less than two days.

“It may have been her body protecting the second twin, as 29 weeks is very early to be born.

“After the first twin arrived, her body may have shut down to give the second twin longer in the womb.”

 
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